The Growth Of Food Tourism In Malaysia Tourism Essay Essays

The Growth Of Food Tourism In Malaysia Tourism Essay Essays The Growth Of Food Tourism In Malaysia Tourism Essay Essay The Growth Of Food Tourism In Malaysia Tourism Essay Essay The touristry industry is one that is quickly turning and invariably spread outing in the twenty-first century. There seems to be an addition in the sum of people going and researching all the admirations this universe has to offer. Harmonizing to an article published by the World Tourism Organization ( UNWTO ) in September of last twelvemonth, the International Tourism per centum grew by about 5 per centum in the first 6 months of 2011 and this exceeded the 6.6 per centum growing difference in that of 2010. The article goes on to state that this growing in touristry in such times demands to be examined and looked closely and they urge that states make touristry as a precedence in national degree policies. There are many footings to specifically specify touristry but in general and simple footings ; touristry is the activity of a individual going from one topographic point to another for non more than a twelvemonth. To add to this, touristry can be divided int o many different subdivisions, for illustration, escapade touristry, athleticss touristry, medical touristry, leisure touristry and many more. However, with this growing in touristry, there is a new facet of touristry that is easy doing its grade and it is known as Food Tourism. Food touristry simple means the act of people sing a peculiar topographic point for the intent of partaking in nutrient festivals, or seeking out of different nutrient and eating houses in that peculiar state ( Hall and Mitchell 2001 ) .This new facet of touristry was neer celebrated but with the assistance of new engineerings, addition in handiness and consciousness, nutrient touristry is easy but certainly lifting. In Malaysia, this facet of touristry is lifting with more and more tourist going to Malaysia for grounds other than leisure and this in return has reflected the local economic system of this state. Malaysia, being a state that is rich and diverse in its civilization and heritage, has become an i deal topographic point for tourer non merely to see the life style and civilization but to besides partake with the local life style and one illustration of making so is by sing the nutrient. There have been many efforts by the relevant industries in Malaysia to advance this growing of nutrient touristry to do it an ultimate finish for nutrient lovers around the universe. This paper will sketch an in-depth expression at the significance and definition of nutrient touristry, and how this facet of touristry is on the rise here in Malaysia and how this growing has effects on the touristry sector of this state. 1.1 Research Aims The touristry sector is traveling into a new stage in present times. There are many new facets of touristry that is on the rise, viz. , heritage touristry, medical touristry, adventure touristry and now, nutrient touristry. Gastronomic Tourism ( as it is known scientifically ) or Food touristry is defined as the visit to a peculiar topographic point for the intent of nutrient festivals, or to seek out and experiment different types of nutrients and eating houses ( Hall, Sharples and Mitchell 2001 ) . In Malaysia, nutrient touristry is on the rise as there are more tourist visiting Malaysia for grounds other than leisure. This state has become a prima holiday finish among tourer everyplace with the blend of the three different races ( Malay, Chinese and Indian ) and the civilizations these three races offer. Not merely that, the location and clime of this state being warm and tropical twelvemonth unit of ammunition adds to the many grounds to see this state. With the blend of differen t civilizations and heritage, the birth of different nutrients sets Malaysia apart from any other state leting it to go a nutrient lover s Eden. Harmonizing to an article by the News Straits Time paper in September 2010, it says that Malaysia has been ranked as the 9th most traveled tourer finish with around 23.65 million tourer and this research was done by the United Nations World Tourism Organization. The article goes on to state that possible tourer sing Malaysia will pass around RM10.13 billion on nutrient and drink. The touristry ministry in Malaysia is working on doing nutrient as one of the chief picks for tourer to see Malaysia and there have been ongoing enterprises being done by the relevant parties to assist guarantee that this facet of touristry continues to turn and in clip is able to prolong its ain ego. The aims this research paper aims to accomplish are: To sketch the growing of nutrient touristry in Malaya As said earlier, Malaysia has managed to derive the upper manus in going one of the touristry finish musca volitanss. There are so many things that this state is able to offer and nutrient is one of them. However, this facet of nutrient touristry is non widely known yet in Malaysia as there have been more surveies and analysis carried out in other states ( Fox, 2007 ; Kivela and Crotts, 2006 ; Ryu and Jang, 2006 ) ; but the over the past old ages, the leaders and relevant parties have begun to recognize how Malaysia and its nutrient is able to act upon and has an impact on the touristry industry. Findingss from this research will demo how there has been a displacement in the growing of nutrient touristry in Malaysia and how this growing has impacted the local touristry industry. How this growing has resulted in positive and negative impacts on the state Growth in any signifier is good and healthy but with growing there comes positive and negative impacts and these impacts must be examined clearly to avoid any signifier of issue and to be after for future ends. This paper will sketch how the growing in nutrient touristry in Malaysia has resulted in a few positive and negative impacts and how these impacts can be interpreted to back up and guarantee this facet of touristry continues to turn. How this growing has affected the touristry sector and the enterprises taken to guarantee uninterrupted growing in the hereafter The touristry sector in Malaysia has been dining over the past few old ages and nutrient touristry is even more so turning. In the latter portion of the research, it will sketch how this nutrient touristry growing has had an impact on the touristry industry both positive and negative and how the authorities and the touristry sector have come up with ways and means to prolong this growing and guarantee uninterrupted growing in the hereafter. 1.2 Significance of the survey The Kuala Lumpur touristry industry has seen a enormous growing over the past few old ages with the figure of international tourer reachings lifting up to 0.6 % in 2011 compared to the old old ages. One of the major motives for tourer to see Malaysia is because of the civilization and heritage that Malaysia possesses and this is expressed in our nutrient and local daintinesss. Peoples from other parts of the universe are eager to cognize, larn and understand how is it that people with different races are able to populate under one roof and let their civilizations to intermix together. When people visit Kuala Lumpur, they are instantly thrown into a cultural detonation and one of the ways they are able to see and larn about the different civilizations is thorough the tasting and partaking of the local nutrient. The chief significance and importance in carry oning this research is that, there seems to be a lifting pandemic in the nutrient touristry sector. There has been a displacement in the factors that influence the chief ground tourer visit Kuala Lumpur, and nutrient happens to one of the ground. There have non been many past researches and literature argument about the growing of nutrient touristry in Kuala Lumpur as most of them are general and give and overview. This is why this research is of import because this paper is able to foreground the growing of nutrient touristry in Kuala Lumpur and how tourer have changed their motivational factors to see Malaysia. 1.3 Limitation of survey The restriction of the survey is that, it is merely focussed and limited to nutrient and the function it plays in the tourer determination doing procedure. Other influences such as cultural, or heritage or personal grounds to visit are minor and they will non be focused much on. The other restriction to this survey is that, the questionnaires will be answered by tourer and non local people because this paper aims to analyze the tourer grounds to see Malaysia and does nutrient play a function in their determination. The job to that restriction is that the tourers are scattered all around the metropolis so to aim a big figure and obtain different feedback, will be a challenge. The other restriction that will be faced is that this research is merely limited to the Kuala Lumpur milieus and the tourer that stay with this country. This is because most of the tourers that travel to Malaysia stay within the metropolis centre and most of the attractive forces and local nutrient can be found within the metropolis bounds. Besides that, by contracting it down to merely this country, there will be a better and clearer apprehension of the aim that is being achieved. 1.4 Research Questions This paper aims to sketch the growing of the nutrient touristry industry in Malaysia and how will it impact the touristry sector of Malaysia. When covering with this subject, there are a few inquiries that will originate and it is through the consequences of the questionnaires and other literature findings that these inquiries will be answered. The first inquiry that will originate while carry oning research on this subject is that, when and how did this growing in nutrient touristry come about in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia? This paper will find how nutrient touristry came into the scene in Kuala Lumpur and how has it been since it started. The following inquiry that needs to be answered in this research paper is the impacts that these growings in nutrient touristry have on the touristry sector in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. In any signifier of growing, there is bound to be certain impacts both positive and negative and this paper will take to sketch those impacts and how they affect the local touristry sector. The following inquiry that will originate while carry oning research on this paper is, will at that place be a hereafter for the nutrient touristry industry and if so, how will it be? This is where the inquiry of sustainability will originate whereby, even though there is a growing in the nutrient touristry industry now, wil l it still be the same in the hereafter? All these inquiries will be answered in the latter portion of the research paper. Chapter 2: Literature Reappraisal Malaysia is easy lifting to go one of the cardinal finish musca volitanss among tourist worldwide. This is mostly due to the fact that Malaysia is a state that is developed, diverse, tropical and rich in its civilization and heritage and this can be found in the traditional dances, beliefs, nutrient, patterns and many more. In add-on, nutrient touristry is easy but certainly on the rise here in this state. With the blend of the assorted civilizations and beliefs, nutrient seems to be the best look. When debating approximately nutrient touristry and its growing here in Malaysia, there has to be a separation in order to derive a better apprehension. There has to be a clear definition of nutrient, touristry, nutrient and touristry in Malaysia and how it has an impact on the local touristry sector. 2.1 What is Food? What is nutrient? This may be a simple inquiry yet, it plays a big importance in our day-to-day life. Food is merely defined as a alimentary substance that people eat or drink in order to keep a healthy life and growing. Food is an indispensable point in order to go on with life. The first and chief importance of nutrient in our mundane life is to supply our organic structure with the necessary energy in order for us to transport out our day-to-day modus operandis such as working, walking, external respiration, digesting and so on. Besides that, nutrient aids to modulate the organic structure s procedures and besides to assist contend against infections and diseases. In basic apprehension, nutrient is merely needed in order to populate and transport on with life ; nevertheless, there has been a great trade of alteration in the development of nutrient. 2.2 What is touristry? Tourism is an industry that is quickly turning in the twenty-first century. More and more people are developing an involvement in going and researching all that the universe has to offer. However, many fail to truly understand the true significance of touristry and what it truly comprises of. Tourism is said to be the act of people or a group of people that lead them from one topographic point to another, from one state to a different state, to execute something specific or to see a topographic point for the point of leisure, amusement, concern and so on. The World Tourism Organization defines touristry as the activities undertaken by and single or a group of persons that travel and travel off from their usual topographic point of comfort and environment and this has to be more than a period of 24 hours or more. The grounds behind their travel can be because of leisure, amusement, concern and other activities that are different from their day-to-day modus operandis. Tourism on the ot her manus can besides include the relevant concerns or industries that are involved in supplying services, activities, and installations to the tourer that travel to their state Tourism in any state is of import and important. For states like Egypt, America, Australia, Italy, Malaysia, India and China, a big part of their net incomes and income depend on the touristry industry. Tourism is of import because, it stimulates economic growing for a state. When people travel to a peculiar topographic point, they are bound to pass big amounts of money on the flight, housing, domestic travel and nutrient in the peculiar state they are in. When you spend money in a state, it in return helps the economic growing for that state because the money spent at that place goes to assist out and to cover the cost of development and in the sustaining of the state and its people. The 2nd importance of touristry to a state is that it helps to advance development within that state. Countries around the universe invariably strive to develop and be in the forepart lines in footings of development. Tourism is an industry that acts as a motivational factor for development to happen. W hen there is a demand and a rise in the sum of tourer that travel to a state, the demand for new and modern installations and activities will lift and this is where the state is able to garner its resources and develop the state so that it is able to provide to this turning demand. For illustration, Bangkok, Thailand has seen a major encouragement in its international tourer reaching and the touristry industry has seen this phenomenon and there has been an addition in the sum of lodging installations to assist provide to this demand. They have built new hotels and guesthouse that are modern, clean and low-cost for the turning tourer market. The following importance of touristry to a state is that in footings of sociocultural, it helps to make new occupation chances and calling chances for the locals of that state. When there is any signifier of development in the state, there is bound to be new installations and activities to assist cater to the demand that is turning and when there are new installations and developments taking topographic point, the demand for adult male power and occupation chances will originate and this is where the state is able to utilize the citizens of the state to assist guarantee that these developments in the touristry installations and activities are sustained for old ages to come. 2.2.1 Tourism and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia The touristry industry in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia is quickly turning in these present times. The touristry industry has registered 11.63 million tourer reachings in the first half of the twelvemonth 2012 which is a 2.4 % addition compared to the same period in 2011. This growing in touristry in Kuala Lumpur is mostly due to the fact that, Malaysia is located in such an ideal location whereby the conditions and clime of the state is tropical the whole twelvemonth around with minimum rain which makes it easy to acquire around and research the metropolis. Besides that, Malaysia in itself is a state that is diverse and rich in its civilization and heritage and this is expressed in our day-to-day modus operandis, local attractive forces, nutrient and beliefs and this gives us a upper manus because no other state in the universe can tout and state that they have 3 different races ( Malays, Chinese and Indians ) populating under one roof and to add, we are all able to acquire along. This is something that foreign tourer find astonishing and they are intrigued by and that is why they want to see Kuala Lumpur. 2.3 What is Food touristry all about? There are many subdivisions to the touristry industry and nutrient touristry is another facet of touristry that is on the rise. Many people may reason and debate that nutrient and touristry have no relationship to each other what so of all time but in world, nutrient and touristry coexist and assist each other because portion of touristry is mostly related to nutrient and frailty versa. One may look at nutrient as a minor function played in the field of touristry but in world, nutrient is critical to guarantee the full circle of a traveler s experience. Hall and Sharples ( 2003 ) say that nutrient is an built-in portion of the experience and how it contributed in a large sense to a individual s holiday. They go on to state that earlier, nutrient was non taken into consideration as something that is of import but of late it has been widely debated approximately. The book says that nutrient Acts of the Apostless as an look of individuality and civilization which is in world true. When going to another state, one is motivated to plunge themselves in the local civilization of that topographic point and later this involves nutrient. For illustration, it would be pathetic if one travels to India and experiences the assorted civilizations without savoring their local nutrient. As mentioned, savoring and plunging in the local daintinesss will assist give a better understanding about the state and its civilization. Over the old ages, the acknowledgment of nutrient touristry has increased and it is seen as a valuable plus the touristry sector has to offer. Even if there are some barriers because of some tourer that are non attracted by the local nutrient, it still represents a critical and competitory advantage for some finishs ( Cohen and Avieli, 2004 ) . 2.3.1 Tourism Motivation: Is nutrient one of it? In basic traveling, there has to be slightly of a motivational factor that causes people to go to that peculiar topographic point. In her book, Tourism Development ( A K Bhatia 1985 ) , she broke down the basic motivational factors for going into four different facets: Physical Motivators This is related to the physical facet of the finish, the activities offered and others. Cultural Motivators Persons in this class are motivated by the beliefs and cultural heritage ( the art, music and dance ) that peculiar finish offers. Interpersonal Motivators This motive is to see household members, relations, or to run into new people. Status Motivators This is derived from the demand to carry through certain activities to hike self -esteem or for personal development. These nevertheless are the basic incentives for going but these incentives change when speaking about going for nutrient based intents. Traveling for nutrient based intents can be linked to the cultural incentives ( as seen above ) or it can be classified as separate facet all on its ain. The incentive for nutrient touristry can be linked to Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs ( Maslow 1943 ) . In this hierarchy, there are 5 different degrees of demands that are to be accomplished and they are physiological, safety, love, and esteem. For case, if a individual is missing love or nutrient or safety, they would likely hanker for nutrient the most because in world, nutrient is needed to last and the other needs come over clip. But the existent inquiry that is to be asked here is that, is nutrient the chief motive for 1s determination in going? Are they going to carry through their demands and desires? Or are they going to plunge themselves in different civilizations? Or even are they adventure s earchers and they want to seek new things? Harmonizing to Sajna ( 2005 ) she conjured up 4 different constructs as to why people participate in nutrient touristry, viz. : Food Neophobia This is related to how adventuresome and unfastened one is to seeking new nutrients. Harmonizing to Pliner and Hobden ( 1992 ) , nutrient neophobia is a personal trait defined as the reluctance to eat or avoid fresh nutrients. Variety- Seeking Tendency This is related to 1s desire for assortment that is due to factors such as alteration in gustatory sensation, restraints and executable options. Hedonic Consumption An facet of consumer behavior that relate to the multisensory, phantasy, and affectional facets of a individual s experience with a certain merchandise. Digesting Involvement The engagement of the tourers in the purchasing and engagement of the traveling and touristry experience. So in decision, nutrient does and will play a function in the determination doing procedure of the tourer when they visit a state. For those tourers that have a love for nutrient and diverseness would be motivated to go to a state to experiment and seek out their local daintinesss and it is this act that is known as nutrient touristry. 2.3.2 Food Tourism in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Malaysia is a state that is rich in its heritage and civilization with the combination of 3 different races populating under one roof viz. Malays, Chinese and Indians. With the blend and combination of these many civilizations and cultural background creates a oasis of many different festivals, sights, heritage and FOOD. Because of all these assortment in civilizations and heritage, Malaysia has become a top pick of finish for tourer when it comes to their travel docket. Harmonizing to an article in the New Straits Times paper ( 2010 ) , in the twelvemonth 2009, Malaysia was ranked every bit 9th as the most traveled tourer finish United Nations World Tourism Organization ( UNWTO ) with 23.65 million tourer and the Tourism ministry of Malaysia plans to increase that figure to 36 million tourer in the close hereafter. This phenomenon can be due to many grounds such as the many historic sights to witness, the green landscape Mother Nature has to offer and besides the endless shopping av ailable to bring around 1s dependence. But other than that, nutrient besides plays an of import function as one of the incentives for tourer to go to Malaysia. Malaysia is known as a state that eats 24-hours a twenty-four hours with eating mercantile establishments runing from traditional and reliable nutrient to modern twenty-four hours culinary art and from route side daintinesss to five star all right dining mercantile establishments. Anything you earn to eat can be found in Malaysia. No uncertainty that other state has their ain alone blend of nutrient but Malaysia is good known for its diverse mix in nutrient runing from Malay to international dishes. Tourism in Malaysia is quickly turning every twelvemonth. More and more foreign tourers from all over the universe want to see Malaysia to see first manus all the state has to offer. Food touristry another facet of touristry is besides on the rapid rise in Malaysia. There are many grounds to this phenomenon the first being that Malaysia is a state that is full and huge in its heritage and civilization due to its blend of different races and faiths populating under one roof. Foreign tourer want to see what it is like to be populating in a state that has many rich and diverse mix of civilization because they are unable to see that in their ain state. Take Australia or America or even Arab Saudi, these states have merely one chief civilization or heritage that they are exposed to where else when they visit Malaysia, they are able to see possibly 3 or more civilizations all under one roof. Because of this rich and diverse mix of civilizations in Malaysia, nutrient has besides been a majo r pull factor for tourer. Just like everything else in Malaysia, nutrient in Malaysia is a blend of many diverse civilizations that add up or exceed into something that is really alone and that fits for all demographics. Even though Malayan nutrient may miss somewhat of edification, or design compared to that of the western universe, it still meets the culinary demands. There are so many different eating houses that cater to the Malayan visitant that they can neer acquire bored off. The following ground that can lend to the rise in nutrient touristry in Malaysia is because of the addition in the substructure of the state. It is now easier to acquire to topographic points in a short clip frame with the aid of the many public conveyance systems such as the monorail, Hop-on Hop-off, LRT, coachs and cab services. With the addition of the figure in tourer reachings, the authorities has taken the enterprise to spread out its substructure to assist get by with the stated rise in touristry therefore, doing it easier and cheaper for tourer to acquire around the state. Another ground why nutrient touristry is easy accessible in Malaya is because of the many different and low-cost adjustments available from guest houses to 5-star hotel adjustments all located at a cardinal country doing it easy to acquire around the metropolis. Food Festivals In Malaya Because there is a rise in nutrient touristry in Malaysia, many enterprises are being taken to guarantee that this facet of touristry is prolonged and non merely for the present clip. In order to make that, the Tourism Ministry of Malaysia has come up with many different show windows and festivals and attractive forces to pull in the foreign market to part-take in nutrient touristry in Malaysia. Malaysia International Gourmet Festival This event was introduced in September 2001 and it is a coaction of 13 five-star mulct dining eating houses. The ground this event is held every twelvemonth is to popularise the all right dining scene in Malaysia as many people perceive all right dining to be something that is really expensive and a waste of clip. Even though Malaysians love dining out, they normally go for more traditional and known nutrient instead than this type of a culinary art. Each twelvemonth, the eating houses put aside their differences to come together in a corporate attempt to assist market all right dining. Many people have taken involvement into this event and it is turning every twelvemonth. Malaysia International Food and Beverage Trade carnival This menu has existed for more than 10 old ages and it has become the taking trade event for the nutrient and drink industry. It has become one of the most awaited events in the state. This event offer new merchandises, services and chances for the nutrient industry partisan from all over the universe. The high spots of this event scope from the Malaysian Indigenous nutrient and drink every bit good as it gives the opportunity for foreign manufacturers to plunge into the local and world-wide nutrient market topographic point. Food and Fruit Fiesta Malaysia This event normally takes topographic point in the month of July and it comprises of a broad spectrum of Asian and International culinary art together with a blend of tropical, semitropical and temperate fruits and nutrient. Apart from this event being a past clip among Malaysians, it has become a shared event. Fabulous Food 1Malaysia This is a 3 month nutrient thrust that has been organized by the Ministry of Tourism Malaysia and Tourism Malaysia that aims to observe and do known Malaysia s alone and diverse civilization represented in their culinary art with a series of exciting activities to pull the gustatory sensation buds of all Malaysians and besides the foreign market. Harmonizing to the curate of touristry, this event non merely highlights Malaysia as an eating finish full of civilization and heritage but besides as a state that is united through the blend of different types of nutrient. Apart from local events, there have been several occasions in which nutrient festivals were held in states outside Malaysia to foreground to those foreign market that are unable to see Malaysia about Malaysia and its heritage and civilization expressed through nutrient. Malaysia Night at Trafalgar Square This is a celebrated tourer finish topographic point and it is located in cardinal London. A festival on Malayan street nutrient was held at this square to give the local people there a little glance about Malayan street nutrient. The free nutrient festival features around 20 different stables from all over Malayan eating houses and besides some unrecorded amusement. Besides nutrient, art and trade were besides displayed at the festival together with some unrecorded public presentations of Malayan traditional and modern-day dance, Malayan Food Festival, Sydney The Grace Brassiere located in Sydney, Australia late had a Malayan nutrient festival to show and showcase to the local people in Australia about Malayan nutrient. Several cooking manners from mamak to the really aromatic lemak, were provided to provide to all the different palette nowadays. The festival was non merely for those epicures but for everyone. A Malayan Food Celebration in New York City New York has ever been blessed with an array of different Asiatic culinary art runing from Chinese Dumplings to Nipponese Sushi and besides South Asiatic Food. Recently, a Malayan nutrient festival was held in the Big Apple and this thrilled non merely the Asians there but besides the state s occupants. This event was sponsored by Malaysia Kitchen whose purpose is to do Malayan nutrient good known. There was an array of many different sorts of nutrient displayed to delight of all time palette nowadays. The Malayan Food Festival, Taj Banjara Hyderabad In an attempt to distribute the Truly Asian cordial reception, Tourism Malaysia, Malaysian Airlines together with The Taj group hotels late had a nine twenty-four hours nutrient festival on Malaysia. Truly Malayan culinary art was served at the festival with the aid of chef Ishaq from the Crown Plaza hotel. Besides nutrient, people gathered were besides treated to some Malayan amusement. As stated, there is a corporate attempt being made to do to advance Food Tourism in Malaysia, Food touristry non needfully has to be done by the locals but it can besides be undertaken by everyone be it locals or aliens. Not merely in Malaysia but nutrient festivals about Malaya are being held everyplace in the universe to distribute the intelligence about Malaysia and its nutrient. Through proper and effectual selling and publicity, Malayan nutrient is able to make across many boundary lines. It s merely in recent old ages that the Malayan authorities has recognised the addition in nutrient touristry in Malayan and it has now come up with assorted programs and schemes to farther addition this facet of touristry. Because of this, more and more foreign tourer are deluging Malaysia to see first manus all that Malaysia has to offer and Food Tourism is one of them

Greek Idiots - Democracy and Voting - Myth vs Fact

Greek Idiots - Democracy and Voting - Myth vs Fact In ancient Greece, the inventors of democracy set up a law that required every person to vote, regardless of who they voted for. If anyone was found not voting, the person would be publicly marked and labeled an idiot, someone who thought their own personal needs trumped those of the society around them, and over time, the word idiot has evolved into todays usage. -Â   Isaac DeVille, Michigan State columnist It just isnt true that all Greeks or even all citizens of Athens were required to vote, and its not true on many levels. Only males (free and, originally, propertied; later, also born to two Athenian-born parents) could become citizens.Only citizens could vote.These potentially voting citizens were limited to those without a personal or inherited mark (atimia) against them.In addition, whats true about one period of democracy is not necessarily true of another. 1275a: 22-23: A citizen defined in simple terms is someone who can participate in judging [that is, serve as a juror in the court system] and in governing [that is, serve in public office, which here means not just magistracies but also serving in the assembly and on the council in systems of government that have these institutions]. Stoa Project Aristotle www.stoa.org/projects/demos/article_aristotle_democracy?page8greekEncodingUnicodeC Politics Male Athenian citizens actively participated, but voting was only a part of what was meant by democracy. Speaking well and being physically present in the communal life were crucial.The Athenian assembly, which held 6000 citizens, decided most of the issues.Citizen-orators persuaded their fellow citizen-voters.The voting itself could be conducted by a show of hands, as is seen Aristophanes comedy Ecclesiazousai, where Praxagora describes the voting in the Assembly:Its difficult; yet it must be done, and the arm shown naked to the shoulder in order to vote.Officials chose the winner based on a visual estimate of the majority of hands. They certainly werent counting exactly enough to make sure there were 6000 hands on 6000 discrete bodies. Sometimes more secretive ballots were used small, colored balls placed in urns. 6000 was not the entire citizen body, although it was a hefty portion.A body of 6000 citizens served as juries, meeting about half the days of the year, with each of the ten tribes providing its required share.A lottery selected the 400 or 500 men for the third governmenta l group, called the boule. Steven Kreis The Athenian Origins of Direct Democracy explains the idiot reference in the student newspaper: At Athens, a citizen who held no official position or who was not a habitual orator in the Assembly was branded as idiotai. This is a far cry from calling the non-voter an idiot. Idiotai is also used to distinguish the common people from the poor (penetes) and the more powerful (dynatoi). Idiotai is also used for unskilled worker. While we dont know what the population figures are for ancient Athens, and it changed over time, if there were say, 30,000 male citizens, more than a third of them were actively involved in politics at times. If we followed the Athenian example, who would feed, house, clothe, educate, and medicate the families of the politicians? Pay for time spent fulfilling the civic obligation was at first non-existent. Aristotle has several passages in his Politics explaining why. Here is one: 1308b: 31-33: It is of the greatest importance in all systems of government to have laws and the rest of governmental administration so arranged that magistrates cannot profit financially from their offices. There is a passage from a work ascribed to Aristotle in a section about Solon that probably led to the columnists idea. It comes from Constitution section 8: Further, [Solon] saw the state often engaged in internal disputes, while many of the citizens from sheer indifference accepted whatever might turn up, he made a law with express reference to such persons, enacting that any one who, in a time civil factions, did not take up arms with either party, should lose his rights as a citizen and cease to have any part in the state. Although not the last word that could be said on the issue, modern Americans are not like classical Athenians. We neither live our lives in public nor do we all want to be politicians (although neither did Socrates, even though he sat on the Athenian Boule). Requiring us to be penalized for failing to go to the polling booths andmake choices on the ballot once every 4 years because thats what they did in the birthplace of democracy misses the point of the ancient Greek democratic process. Further Reading on Greek Voting and Idiots The Tradition of the Athenian Democracy A. D. 1750-1990, Mogens Herman Hansen Greece Rome, 2nd Ser., Vol. 39, No. 1. (Apr., 1992), pp. 14-30.The Athenian Assembly in the Age of Demosthenes, Mogens Herman Hansen. Review author: Phillip Harding Phoenix, Vol. 44, No. 2. (Summer, 1990), pp. 199-200.The Ten Archontes of 579/8 at Athens, Thomas J. Figueira Hesperia, Vol. 53, No. 4. (Oct. - Dec., 1984), pp. 447-473.The Duration of a Meeting of the Athenian Ecclesia, Mogens Herman Hansen. Classical Philology, Vol. 74, No. 1. (Jan., 1979), pp. 43-49.Christopher W. Blackwell, The Assembly, in C.W. Blackwell, ed., DÄ“mos: Classical Athenian Democracy (A. Mahoney and R. Scaife, edd., The Stoa: a consortium for electronic publication in the humanities [www.stoa.org]) edition of March 26, 2003. More of Democracy Then and Now Part 1: IntroductionPart 2: AristotlePart 3: ThucydidesPart 4: PlatoPart 5: AeschinesPart 6: IsocratesPart 7: HerodotusPart 8: Pseudo-XenophonPart 9: Q. Were All Ancient Greeks Required to Vote or Risk Being Labeled Idiots?

Decision making for business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Decision making for business - Essay Example These activities are equally impossible to achieve in-house and therefore the outsourcing proposal would be very efficient in consideration of this argument. In this company, anything that is not buying and selling is a potential candidate for outsourcing. The intended services to be outsourced include distribution, quality control, packaging, design, security and cleaning activities. Fleet also wants to abolish its information technology (IT) department and outsource the services for the same. The question which then arises is whether the outsourced activities would result in significant improvements for the company or not. If outsourcing is to be carried out, it should be to enhance the profitability of Fleet Ltd so as for it to make the same gains that it used to make in 1980s and 1990s or even much better. Any likelihood of the occurrence of a loss as a result of outsourcing should render the whole idea obsolete and other options put into considerations in order to avoid the financial crisis awaiting Fleet Ltd. Outsourcing of distribution would reflect in the reduction of the size of the distribution staff from 250 to 3. The financial effect of this is that Fleet Ltd will reduce the amount of money that it uses to pay the current distribution staff. This means that there will be enough money available after the retrenchment of the 247 employees. This money can be channeled towards investment for the company, something that will definitely result in profits for the company. The outsourcing of distribution will therefore give Fleet Ltd a financial gain rather than a financial loss. On this understanding, it is clear that outsourcing of distribution is an effective idea and it is for the profitability advantage of Fleet Ltd. However, the non-financial impact will be the creation of job insecurity for the distribution staff that is likely to be retrenched. Fleet Ltd intends to outsource its IT needs

Information Systems Concepts Info331 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Information Systems Concepts Info331 - Assignment Example On the other hand, the website http://products.office.com/en-us/word defines Microsoft word application as a program that helps computer users to write. As such, a computer based information system can be defines as a network of either software or hardware that manipulates a wide range of information and data by collecting, filtering and processing it so that it makes sense to the end user. An application can be defines as a program that enables computer users perform their daily tasks on the computer such as typing, organization or data, publishing among other tasks. An application is embedded inside the system software which implies that an application requires information system in order to run (Shelly, Cashman & Vermaat, 2000). The information system I use in my work and in your day-to-day life is office information system. This is because it facilitates easy progress of my work flow through program such as Microsoft office word, excel, spreadsheet and publisher. Some of the characteristics of office information system is increased efficiency, reliability and the ability to support a wide variety of office activities such as work processing, web browsers, presentation graphics, databases and

Politics in the English Language Essay Example for Free

Politics in the English Language Essay Miscommunication is often the result of modern prose which is most commonly used despite its vagueness because of its simplicity. According to George Orwell’s â€Å"Politics in the English Language,† these habits must be eliminated in order to think clearly, if not, language will continue to be used in corrupt ways by politicians. With poor language skills come poor thinking skills, making it easier for people to be manipulated by warped language. Ted Hughes â€Å"Words and Experience† expresses that words are inadequate and that it is very difficult to capture experience properly. The way in which Hughes and Orwell appeal to the problem of miscommunication are different; Orwell is critical while Hughes is sympathetic. In the paper â€Å"Politics in the English Language,† George Orwell appeals to logos to prove that the misuse of language is corruptly used by politicians for selfish purposes. Thought corrupts language and politicians manipulate language for their own selfish purposes. Words such as fascism and democracy are among those words due to their lack of a concrete meaning. Democracy is often associated with a positive meaning whereas fascism is associated with a negative meaning. As a result dishonest politicians use their own interpretation to twist the meaning of what they are trying to communicate. They have defended events such as the Russian purges and deportations, the British rule in India and the atomic bombing in Japan by using language consisting of â€Å"euphemisms, questionable begging and sheer cloudy vagueness† (Orwell 699). This language covers up all the details of the events and is a prime example of how thought corrupts language. Language is warped because of the way it is used to lie and manipulate people. Politicians use vague language to hide questionable acts which leads to poor language skills. Orwell states that â€Å"the slovenliness of our language makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts† (Orwell 691). He believes that poor language skills lead to poor thinking skills which are detrimental to society beca use people often accept the words of authority figures without thinking; they are not conscience of the meaning of the words being used. These bad language habits that Orwell indentifies are dying metaphors, pretentious diction and meaningless words; all of which are unnecessary and increase vagueness. This form of modern prose is easier therefore it is used commonly resulting in poor thinking skills. â€Å"The whole tendency of modern prose is away from concreteness† and  Ã¢â‚¬Å"consists in gumming together long strips of words which have already been set in order by someone else† (Orwell 697). Orwell suggests that the problem is cyclical; vague language leads to the inability to think for oneself and the inability to think leads to miscommunication. Orwell uses logos to identify the problem and treats it with a critical tone however, believes that it can be fixed â€Å"if one is willing to take the necessary trouble† (Orwell 691). Ted Hughes and George Orwell share similar views on the misuse of language however Hughes uses different points to convey the message in his essay â€Å"Words and Ex perience.† Hughes states that words are tools and that it is difficult to choose the correct words to capture experiences. He uses the metaphor â€Å"A word is its own little solar system of meanings† (Hughes 120) because there is a vast amount of words to choose from and the process is often overcomplicated. Too much time spent thinking of the correct words to use causes people to miss the experience all together. Finding the right word requires a fine balance therefore words should not be used casually. Without this balance, words tend to inhibit the simplest descriptions such as â€Å"the infinite depth of crowiness in the crow’s flight† (Hughes 122). In this case, all words can be used for are indicators and general directives. Swiss psycho-analyst Jung believes that people know how to use words properly but have to quiet down to get what is inside their conscience. Although Hughes writes in a hopeful tone he believes that words are inadequate in describing experience. If and when a balance is found and words match experience, that is poetry. His view and solution are effectively communicated in using a sympathetic tone. George Orwell and Ted Hughes both attack the problem of the misuse of language effectively. With similar goals, both are equally able to convey the same points while appealing to different aspects and emotions. George Orwell’s â€Å"Politics in the English Language,† appeals to logos while criticizing the way unclear language is used corruptly by politicians. He adequately shows how people are easily manipulated by warped language because poor language skills lead poor thinking skills. Ted Hughes appeals to logos by using a sympathetic tone to convey the message that words are inadequate and it is very difficult to capture experience in his essay â€Å"Words and Experience.† The problem of miscommunication found in modern  prose is the result of vagueness and must be fixed. This is difficult because of the bad habits formed and its simplicity, however it can be fixed if one takes the initiative.

Chicago :: essays research papers

Chicago has been the fastest growing city of the world. â€Å"The city of the Century† is the name given to this historic city. It is a great city of the greatest people who devoted almost their whole life to this city. Jane Addams, Florence Kelley, Clarence Darrow, Mary McDowell, Thorstein Veblen, Albert Parsons, Ida B. Wells, George Pullman, Louis Sullivan and Danker Adler are few of the people among them. No large city even Peter the Great’s St. Petersburg had ever grown as fast as Chicago.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Right from the beginning, the city was envisioned. In 1830, empty prairie defined the grid of the future metropolis. The streets, the blocks and the Allys were designated. Its growth was phenomenal. In just forty years, Chicago grew from 100 people to the city of 300,000 thousand. Over half of them came from abroad. On October 8, 1871, the fire viped out the city. 18,000 building were burnt. Economic potential of the city was still there. The citizens were determined to rebuild. Architects and Engineers came from around the world and started building just what it was like before. In 10 years after the fire, Architects had begun to make buildings that were unprecedented. The city was now buying, consuming, trading, manufacturing and selling more then ever before. 350 trains a day were coming to Chicago to do business. The downtown was locked by the boundaries of water and a railroad. Chicago was the second largest city of the nation. People from all parts of the wo rld were attracted to Chicago because that was the place where they saw lots of business opportunities. That was the place where they thought they could start their new career. Even today, 70% of the people are originally from other countries.

Worldview: ten Commandments and God

Yvette Gross 11/9/2012 Apol 104-D11LUO As per the definition found in the dictionary to define â€Å"Worldview,† it is as follows. The overall perspective from which one see's and interprets the world. A collection of beliefs about life and the universe held by individual or a group. This represents the theory which I use to understand, perceive this world. It helps me to function according to the â€Å"norm. † Therefore, I fit nicely in with the status quo and not ruffle any feathers. Or so they believe. PART 2 – The Biblical/ Christian worldview of Origin, Identity, Purpose, Morality, and Destiny. 1. The question of origin-â€Å"Where do we come from? How did we come into existence? † Christian believes that God created earth, the heavens and everything in it out of his own will. Christian believe that mankind was created by the one and only sovereign God (Genesis 1:27). The bible states that the process in which God created Adam and Eve (Genesis 2:7-8, 23). Adam was created from the dust off the ground and Eve from Adam. â€Å"God who made the world and all things in it, since he is lord of heaven and earth† (Acts 17:24-25). Therefore, we all are created by God. 2. The question of Identity-â€Å"Who am I†? â€Å"What does it mean to be a human? † â€Å"Are humans more important than animals? Christian’s worldview teaches that God created man (Genesis1:27). We were created in God’s own image. We were given responsibility over the earth and rulers over animals (Genesis 1:26-28). Since we were created in God’s image, we are separate from animals and are given the right over animals (Genesis 1:28). We were known to God before our births. 3. The question of meaning/ Purpose- â€Å"Why do I exist? † The original purpose of the first man’s creation was when Adam rebelled against God. Men and women discovered themselves to exist in order to know God, to do his will, to glorify him, and to enjoy him forever (1 Corinthians 13:12). Why do I exist? † We are here because God created men and women to inhabit it (Genesis 1:26-28; 2:7). Also, our purpose is to know Christ, to allow him access to our lives, and to develop a personal relationship with him (John 17:3). We are to love other Christian believers. 4. The question of Morality- â€Å"What is meant by right and wrong? † and â€Å"How should I live? † The basis in which we differentiate between right and wrong is our knowledge of God’s law. This knowledge comes from two sources revelation and conscience. The bible says that God wrote his law on our hearts (Romatns 2:15). This is conscience.God gave a commandment to Adam and Eve in the garden. He gave ten commandments down to two essential commandments- love God and love your neighbor (Exodus 20). All of these represent God’s revelation of his law. 5. The question of Destiny- â€Å"Is there life after death† â€Å"What wi ll happen to me when I die? † Christians believe in two eternal states for all human beings: Heaven or Hell. Heaven and Hell are both eternally places where people exit in the presence and blessing of God in Heaven (Revelation 21) or in a state of separation from God, being punished in Hell( Revelation 20 11-15) (weirder and Gutierrez pg65).A new heaven and a new earth will come. But the day of the lord will come as a thief in the night , in which the heavens will pass away with a great noise, and the elements will melt with fervent heat; both the earth and the works that are in it will be burned up (Peter 2 3:10). Our salvation is a gift to any of us who wants to receive it. Part 3- How might/ should biblical worldview influence the way? A major worldview of mine is to do unto others as you would like done unto you. This is an important factor which I am cognitive of most days. Therefore, when addressing others it is important that I choose my words wisely.There are times it may be difficult and I need to be on a â€Å"time out,† however, this too shall pass. All humans are to be treated with respect, dignity without regard to their religious convictions, race or creed, and their social status. In the political/voting arena, my choice for any particular candidate is, â€Å"does he/she represent â€Å"me? † Do they represent my views? Will their worldview blend or shatter mine? Shall my family, friends and loved ones be represented as well? Furthermore, shall this candidate’s worldviews affect my life in a positive or negative manner?If any of these questions are received as â€Å"Nay,† then my support is withdrawn. An aunt of mine warns me to turn off the water faucets. It is a bad habit of mine to let the water flow freely as I do other things in the kitchen or house. She further warns that this is wasting water and goes on to explain â€Å"drought. † to me. Her warnings have awakened a new concern for the environmen t my children and I live in. No longer does the water flow freely. I am becoming aware of my â€Å"carbon footprint† being left on this earth. Therefore, lights are turned off, no littering or polluting our waters.The aerosol can has become an enemy within my household for it is weakening our ozone layers. A future career will be established in the same vein as my choice of political candidates. How will it affect my livelihood? Is there a pension attached. How will my medical needs be met? Will they respect my choice of religions and give me the religious holidays off? The main objective here is, â€Å"Do not ruffle my feathers. † Meaning, do not step on how I view the world. Do not insist I adopt your belief system that does not agree with mine. However, I shall respect your worldview.

How the Other Half Lives Review Essay

How the other Half Lives is an informative book disusing the 1900’s. The author, Jacob A. Riis, counts people for the census. He saw many different aspects of life in New York City during this time. He shares some of the hidden relations of tenement housing. He discusses the many different ethnic groups and how they form group characteristics in distinct neighborhoods. Riis’s personal opinions of the value and power of these ethnic groups comes through in his writing. His ideas reflect some of the national ideas during this time period. Blacks rank the lowest in society at this time. Riis credits this to natural selection. They are a race on the lowest level, defenseless against the woes of the landlords. Riis does not seem to hate the blacks, but accepts the fact that they are the lowest form of a person. Riis places the Chinese right above the blacks. He discredits the popular belief that, â€Å"the Chinaman being a thousand years behind the age on his own shore†, by stating that in America, â€Å"he is distinctly abreast of it in his successful scheming to ‘to make it pay.’† Riis thinks the Chinese are repugnant people. He starts off my discrediting their â€Å"grub-worshiping† religion. The fact that Chinese practice a different religion takes many people off guard, and they begin to insult the region, saying it is unworthy compared to Christianity. Along with these insults, the dreary neighborhood and past time of gambling are also pointed out. Chinese were the most hated group of this time period. Jews are the next group. Riis shares both positive and negative traits of the Jewish people. He notes the contrast in age groups behavior with a neutral perspective and even notes how they â€Å"honestly† stay home on holidays. Riis points out that they live in the most crowed houses that he has ever seen. Riis seems mostly neutral about this group as he discusses their desire for money. Riis thinks the highest of the Irish. This group comes up many times throughout his writing and there is never any excessively negative comments made about them, unlike when Riis discuses the Chinese. This ethnic group is often compared to other groups and is the topic of a lot of his writing. He notes their short falls, but always with positive rhetoric. I think he is the most considerate to the Irish because they had been in the country so long. It is expected that they are in the country, and some are even moving out of extreme poverty. They seem to have the most power in the tenements of New York. In addition to this, Riis is very familiar with the Irish. Some of his writing comes across as sympathetic, such as when he says the Irish, â€Å"falls most readily victim to tenement influences†. Riis does mention that Germans may have a better experience in America. He tells how Germans garden, and bring their flowers with them wherever they go, but quickly flows that by saying, â€Å"not that it represents any higher principle in the man; rather perhaps the capacity for it†. Riis favors the Irish the most out of all the ethnic groups. Riis mentions many other ethnic groups that are present in America such as the Bohemians and the Italians. However his opinions of the Blacks, Chinese, Jewish, and Irish come through with the most passion in his in his writing.

Definition and Examples of Philippics

Definition and Examples of Philippics Philippic is  discourse (traditionally an oration) that is characterized by fierce condemnation of a subject; a diatribe or rant. The term philippic (from Greek philippikos) is derived from the virulent denunciations of Philip II of Macedon delivered by Demosthenes of Athens in the fourth century BC. Demosthenes is commonly regarded as the greatest orator of his age. See Examples and Observations, below. Novelist Donna Tartts Philippic Against Prescriptive Usage Michael Pietsch: Before I began editing your book, you sent a philippic against standardization. You declared that spell-check, auto-correct, and (if I recall correctly) even sacred cows like Strunk White and the Chicago Manual of Style are the writer’s enemies, that the writer’s voice and choice are the highest standard. Do you have advice for other writers confronted with editorial standardization?Donna Tartt: Was it really a philippic? I thought it was more a cordial memorandum.Pietsch: Two-thirds of the way through a set of notes to the copy editor, you wrote: I am terribly troubled by the ever-growing tendency to standardized and prescriptive usage, and I think that the Twentieth century, American-invented conventions of House Rules and House Style, to say nothing of automatic computer functions like Spellcheck and AutoCorrect, have exacted an abrasive, narrowing, and destructive effect on the way writers use language and ultimately on the language itself. Journalism and newspaper writing are one thing; House Style indubitably very valuable there; but as a literary novelist who writes by hand, in a notebook, I want to be able to use language for texture and Ive intentionally employed a looser, pre-twentieth century model rather than running my work through any one House Style mill. Tartt: WellIm not saying that the writers voice is always the highest standard; only that a lot of writers who are fine stylists and whose work I love wouldnt make it past a contemporary copy editor armed with the Chicago Manual, including some of the greatest writers and stylists of the 19th and 20th century. (Donna Tartt and Michael Pietsch, The Slate Book Review Author-Editor Conversation. Slate, October 11, 2013) Paul Simons Simple Desultory Philippic I been Norman Mailered, Maxwell Taylored.I been John OHarad, McNamarad.I been Rolling Stoned and Beatled till Im blind.I been Ayn Randed, nearly brandedCommunist, cause Im left-handed.Thats the hand I use, well, never mind! . . .I been Mick Jaggered, silver daggered.Andy Warhol, wont you please come home?I been mothered, fathered, aunt and uncled,Been Roy Haleed and Art Garfunkeled.I just discovered somebodys tapped my phone. [Paul Simon, A Simple Desultory Philippic (or How I Was Robert McNamarad into Submission). Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme by Simon Garfunkel. Columbia, 1966] The Philippics of Demosthenes (384-323 BC) From 351 BCE, until his self-induced death by poison in 323 BCE (to avoid death at the hands of Philip of Macedons soldiers), Demosthenes turned his talents to public affairs, particularly to rallying the Athenian people against the imminent threat of invasion by Philip...The Philippics are speeches delivered by Demosthenes between the years 351 BCE and 340 BCE. There are four Philippics orations although Dobson doubts that the fourth is legitimate. The first two Philippics are calls to the Athenian people to resist Philip before Athens itself is threatened with domination by the barbarian from the north. The Third Philippic occurs after Philip has gained control of many parts of the Athenian empire and is about to march on the city of Olynthus. Demosthenes pleads urgently and desperately for a military mission to help the Olynthians and prepare for war. Despite his failure in rousing the Athenian people to arm themselves against Philip, Demosthenes Philippic orations are considered masterpieces of rhetorical invention and technique. (James J. Murphy, Richard A. Katula, and Michael Hoppmann, A Synoptic History of Classical Rhetoric, 4th ed. Routledge, 2014) The Philippics of Cicero (106-43 BC) With Julius Caesars assassination in 44 BCE Cicero re-entered a political arena that granted him an opportunity to renew his consular voice and use his Republican rhetoric, now against Caesars lieutenant Marcus Antonius. These Philippics allowed Caesar to revive his Demosthenic persona and to provide a capstone to his claim to be the near embodiment of the [Roman] Republic, boasting at the start of the Second Philippic that in twenty years there has been no enemy of the Republic who has not also simultaneously declared war on Cicero... Ciceros proscription by the triumvirs and his brutal murder showed that he miscalculated his rhetorics power to impose his image of the Republic upon this changed political landscape.Ciceros final stand on behalf of the Republic in his speeches against Antony secured his heroization as the orator who embodied the Republic and its values, his contradictions and compromises largely forgotten.(John Dugan, Rhetoric and the Roman Republic. The Cambridge Com panion to Ancient Rhetoric, ed. by Erik Gunderson. Cambridge University Press, 2009) Despite the final outcome, Ciceros fourteen extant orations against Antony (perhaps three more are lost) may be felt to represent his finest hour. . . . Cicero invokes a rhetoric of crisis, in which good is pitted against evil with no room for compromise (cf. Wooten 1983; Hall 2002: 283-7). Even his style has changed. Sentences are shorter, periodic structures less frequent, and main ideas are not kept in suspense until a sentence ends . . ..(Christopher P. Craig, Cicero as Orator. A Companion to Roman Rhetoric, ed. by William Dominik and Jon Hall. Blackwell, 2010) The Lighter Side of Philippics A PHILIPPIC*Down with that phrase soporific, bromidicWhatever that isRelic of days paleozoic, druidicWhatever that is.Does one remark, in a tone unspectacular,I think the comet diffusely opacular,Some one will cry in the vulgar vernacular:Whatever that is!Curses on him who invented the sloganWhatever that is!Jump on his neck with an ensiform broganWhatever that is.Phrase without meaning, bourgeois and pestiferous,Phrase that is wearying, dull and somniferous,Here is anathema umbraculiferousWhatever that is.*Whateverthatis. (Franklin Pierce Adams, By and Large. Doubleday, 1920)

Reserved Words in Java

Reserved Words in Java Reserved words are words that cannot be used as object or variable names in a Java program because theyre already used by the syntax of the Java programming language. If you ttempt to  use any of the words below as identifiers in your Java programs, youll get an error like the one below. List of Reserved Java Keywords abstract assert boolean break byte case catch char class const continue default double do else enum extends false final finally float for goto if implements import instanceof int interface long native new null package private protected public return short static strictfp super switch synchronized this throw throws transient true try void volatile while *The  strictfp  keyword was added to this list in Java Standard Edition version 1.2,  assert  in version 1.4, and  enum  in version 5.0. Even though goto and const are no longer used in the Java programming language, they still cannot be used as keywords. What Happens If You Use a Reserved Word? Lets say you try to create a new class and name it using a reserved word, like this: // you cant use finally as its a reserved word! class finally {   Ã‚  Ã‚  public static void main(String[] args) {   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  //class code..   Ã‚  Ã‚  } } Instead of compiling, the Java program will instead give the following error: expected

Domestic violence as it relates to pregnacy (Option 2) Research Paper

Domestic violence as it relates to pregnacy (Option 2) - Research Paper Example Additionally, the roles through which I would be addressing this issue are also mentioned. Domestic Violence as it relates to Pregnancy Introduction Women have been experiencing domestic violence since the start of this world and its intensity has been noticed to increase especially during pregnancy. This leads to pre and post pregnancy complications which require immediate corrective actions under the supervision of an experienced nurse (Shah PS, 2010). As a professional nurse I once encountered a patient who was suffering from intense domestic violence for more than a year. Throughout the pregnancy period her husband practiced battering over her which ultimately led to poor health of both the baby and the mother. She had severe complications during her delivery which also resulted in improper development of her child. The child was significantly underweight and was highly sensitive to common diseases. The overall situation got even worst when the patient could not get the assistanc e of a satisfactory nurse. This example raises questions that what should be the role of nurses when they are particularly dealing with such patients? How domestic violence is related to pregnancy and what nursing care considerations are required? What are the possible impacts of battering over the patient, new born baby and the overall family setup? Finally, how I would be addressing all these issues in my future nursing career? An overview of domestic violence as it relates to pregnancy Domestic violence during pregnancy is also termed as the Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) which commonly occurs during pregnancy and ultimately ends in severe outcomes including high stress level during pregnancy, usage of drugs which further worsen the condition of mother and child, preterm delivery, significantly low weight child, susceptibility to infectious diseases and lower level of child care soon after delivery. This indicates that domestic violence is highly hazardous for pregnant women and its poor outcomes even intensify if violence continues after the child birth. Children who are raised in sadistic homes are naturally aggressive and practice the some behavior with their future partners as they have observed in their childhood. Domestic violence simply adds significant value to the overall treatment and care cost of pregnant women. The role of nurses is very crucial in this regard as they provide first hand care to such women and also look after their child in adverse conditions. It is the initial responsibility of nurses to identify such cases existing in the society and then provide them suitable guidance so as to end violence in their lives (LR, 2008). Nursing care considerations related to domestic violence assessment The question about domestic violence usually occurs when a patient shows substantial symptoms of battering, inadequate prenatal care, higher occurrence of high-risk behaviors, direct physical trauma, increased stress and postulated mechanisms (Sha h PS, 2010). Majority of women entering first time into the medical assistance clinics during their pregnancy period which is also their encounter to a medical professional require special attention and care from the health care service provider. Therefore, professionals who are in direct contact with pregnant women maintain a distinctive position in the society as they closely witness the marital